r - Opposite of %in% -

a categorical variable v1 in data frame d1 can have values represented letters z. want create subset d2, excludes values, say, b, n , t. basically, want command opposite of %in%

d2 = subset(d1, v1 %in% c('b','n',t')) 

you can use ! operator make true false , every false true. so:

d2 = subset(d1, !(v1 %in% c('b','n',t'))) 

edit: can make operator yourself:

'%!in%' <- function(x,y)!('%in%'(x,y))  c(1,3,11)%!in%1:10 [1] false false  true