c++ - is dispatcher a individual process or it just runs in context of some other process -

hello in unix bsd 5 operating system,do have dispatcher separate process process id or code executed context of other process. example if have user running program needs dispatched "ready run in memory"...so dispatcher runs in user program context or not? appreciated.

the linux (unix, bsd, macos x, ...) kernel acts 'the dispatcher'. decides process run next, adjusting priorities , status of processes, , ensures process selected not run longer quantum of time (before kernel gets supervise process executes next once again). kernel uses pre-emptive scheduling (rather cooperative scheduling). categorically not running in user program context; runs in kernel context.

you can debate whether kernel separate process. not part of user process, separate; question whether process. however, that's philosophical issue , doesn't affect - there separate part of system controls scheduling , dispatch of processes.